DNA compound whose name includes the letters D, N and A - NYT Crossword Clue

Introduction

This clue from the NYT Crossword is a fantastic example of a hybrid clue that combines scientific knowledge with a literal, almost meta, constraint. It guides the solver toward the correct answer by providing two distinct pieces of information that must both be satisfied, making for a very satisfying solve.

Clue Analysis

The clue can be broken down into two parts:

1. "DNA compound": This is the definitional part of the clue. It directs us to the world of biochemistry and genetics. The answer must be a chemical substance that is a component of DNA.
2. "whose name includes the letters D, N and A": This is a literal constraint on the spelling of the answer. It's not wordplay in the sense of a pun or anagram, but a straightforward instruction to check the letters within the word itself. This part is incredibly helpful as it allows you to filter potential candidates.

Together, these parts create a clear path: think of DNA compounds, then check their spelling.

Thinking Approaches

A solver's most effective strategy here is a two-step process:

1. Brainstorm: First, list the common compounds associated with DNA. The most famous are the four nucleobases: Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, and the one we're looking for. You might also think of deoxyribose (the sugar) or phosphate.

2. Test: Next, apply the second part of the clue as a filter. Let's check our list:

   • Guanine: Has 'N' and 'A', but no 'D'. Incorrect.
   • Cytosine: Has 'N', but no 'D' or 'A'. Incorrect.
   • Thymine: Has 'N', but no 'D' or 'A'. Incorrect.
   • Deoxyribose: Has 'D', but no 'N' or 'A'. Incorrect.

This process of elimination quickly invalidates the other common bases, leaving only one likely candidate. If you know the name of the fourth base, you can check it and find that it contains all three required letters: A, D, and N.

If you were stuck, getting a few crossing letters would likely jog your memory of the correct biological term.

Background Context

The answer, ADENINE, is one of the four fundamental nucleobases in the nucleic acids of DNA. In the iconic double helix structure, adenine (A) on one strand always pairs with thymine (T) on the opposing strand. This principle of complementary base pairing is crucial for DNA replication and function.

Beyond DNA, adenine is also a key component of other vital molecules, most notably adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which serves as the main source of energy for cellular processes. Its name is derived from Greek aden, meaning "gland," as it was first isolated from the pancreas.

For more detail, you can visit the Wikipedia page for Adenine.

Conclusion

This is a beautifully constructed clue. It's accessible to anyone with a basic high school biology education, but the literal letter-check provides a safety net and a confirmation that feels solid. It rewards careful reading and a methodical approach, making it a perfect example of a fair and engaging crossword puzzle clue.

Hints

1. Hint 1: This is one of the four primary building blocks, or nucleobases, found in DNA.
2. Hint 2: In the DNA double helix, this compound always pairs with thymine.
3. Hint 3: The clue provides a helpful spelling check by confirming three specific letters are present in the answer's name.
4. Hint 4: It is also a component of ATP, the main energy currency of the cell.